LED is set equal to the pin connected to the indicator LED.motorLimit is set equal to a cutoff value that will be used to turn off the motor at slow speeds.motorSpeed is set equal to a number between 0 and 255, which will be passed to the analogWrite() function to drive the motor.speedVal is used to store the value returned by the analogRead() function.Tip120 is set equal to the output pin that connects to the TIP120 transistor.speedSet is set equal to the analog pin (A0) that takes the input from the potentiometer.The sketch above uses the following variables: The program will now cut off the motor at the lower and upper limits. Upload this code to the Arduino: int speedSet = A0 How to Program the DC Motor and TIP120 on the ArduinoĪfter you’ve connected all of the parts as shown in the wiring diagram above, you’re ready to program the Arduino. If you need help getting started with the Arduino, check out our Ultimate Guide to the Arduino video course. Note that the Arduino is powered by it’s own 3V power supply, while the DC motor is powered by a separate 9V battery. With the switch in the open position, no current flows through the coil: Back EMF needs to be addressed since the reverse current can damage the driving device. The collapsing magnetic field induces a current flow in the opposite direction of the original current flow. Every time current stops flowing through the coil, the electromagnetic field around the coil collapses back into the coils’ winding. As the coil spins, it’s current stops then reverses direction through the coil which keeps it spinning. The coil, when energized, interacts with the permanent magnet causing it to spin. DC motors have an internal permanent magnet with a coil of wire suspended inside the magnetic field of the permanent magnet. By wrapping the wire around an iron bar, you can create a rather strong electromagnet. What’s the Problem With Inductive Loads?Ĭurrent flowing through a conductor creates a magnetic field around it. It covers all of the steps, diagrams, and code you need to get started. BONUS: I made a quick start guide for this tutorial that you can download and go back to later if you can’t set this up right now.
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